Construction of Codes By Hyper KU-Valued Functions

Coding Theory is a mathematical domain with many applications in Information theory. Various type of codes and their connections with other mathematical objects have been intensively studied. One of these applications, namely connections between binary block codes and BCK-algebras, was recently studied in (Jun, Song,  Flaut ).In this paper, we will focus to one of the recent applications of KU-algebras in the coding theory, namely the Construction of codes by hyper KU-valued functions. First, we shall introduce the notion of hyper KU -valued functions, on a set and  investigate some of it’s related properties. Moreover the codes generated by a hyper  K U- valued function are constructed and several Examples are given. Furthermore, Example with graphs of binary block code constructed from a hyper  KU-algebra and hyper KU-algebra are constructed

Improving the delivered power quality from WECS to the grid based on PMSG control model

Renewable energy has become one of the most energy resources nowadays, especially, wind energy. It is important to implement more analysis and develop new control algorithms due to the rapid changes in the wind generators size and the power electronics development in wind energy applications. This paper proposes a grid-connected wind energy conversion system (WECS) control scheme using permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). The model works to improve the delivered power quality and maximize its value. The system contained one controller on the grid side converter (GSC) and two simulation packages used to simulate this model, which were PSIM software package for simulating power circuit and power electronics converters, and MATLAB software package for simulating the controller on Simulink. It employed a meta-heuristic technique to fulfil this target effectively. Mine-blast algorithm (MBA) and harmony search optimization technique (HSO) were applied to the proposed method to get the best controller coefficient to ensure maximum power to the grid and minimize the overshoot and the steady state error for the different control signals. The comparison between the results of the MBA and the HSO showed that the MBA gave better results with the proposed system

Evaluation of Static Horizontal Louvers on Annual Daylighting Performance in Classrooms

Daylighting has a great impact on students’ health, learning performance, and productivity. The goal of this paper is to enhance daylighting performance by examining year-round daylighting performance of Southern facades in the case of one central window in a classroom located in Cairo, Egypt by using static external horizontal shading devices during the Fall, Spring and Summer semesters The scope of the study is to evaluate and assess the effect of the window-to-wall ratio (WWR) in addition to the louvers’ configurations of depth and count parameters of the classroom on annual daylighting performance metrics for classrooms’ southern facades by using Rhinoceros, Grasshopper interface and Honeybee Plus plugin which uses the Radiance engine for annual daylighting Simulations. Annual Sunlight Exposure, Spatial Daylight Autonomy and upper and lower limits of useful daylight illuminance are incorporated for an efficient annual daylighting performance. Based on geographical location and sun altitude angles that is gathered from ladybug tools, three alternative configurations of fixed horizontal louvers were investigated to evaluate the difference between them. Results show a low difference with the proposed louver configurations cases and a high reduction in annual sunlight exposure by 78% which complies with LEED v4 and IES-LM-83-12 criteria

Synthesis and Evaluation of Important Biologically Active Heterocyclic Compounds: Schiff Bases, Oxadiazole and Pyrazolyl Derivatives

In this work, we prepared an excellent yield of (2-oxo-2H-pyrano[3,2-h] quinolin-4-yl) acetic acid; compound (1) and from the reaction of it with hydrazine hydrate (100%) we obtain 2-(2-oxo-2H-pyrano [3,2-h] quinolin-4-yl) aceto hydrazide (2) which is the starting material for the synthesis of several series of new compounds: such as schiff’s bases (3a-e) and compound (4) in good yields, hydrazide derivatives like compound (5), derivatives of mercapto oxadiazole as compound (6) and derivatives of pyrazolyl as compound (7). All these compounds were found to possess high antimicrobial activity against G+ and G- bacteria and against antifungal as described in scheme (1). Anticancer activity was screened only for compound (1). The IC50 value of it against breast cancer was found = 6.83 µM comparable with that of the drug of doxorubicin which has IC50 = 5.6. As a result these newly compounds from (1) to (7) are considerable as potent compounds for various pharmacological activities.Â

Cuckoo search algorithm based for tunning both PI and FOPID controllers for the DFIG-Wind energy conversion system

Wind Energy has received great attention in this century. It influences the new power systems, adding new challenges to the power system expansion problem. Nowadays, double feed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbines are used majorly in wind farms, due to their advantages over other types. Therefore, the analysis of the system using this type has become very important. In this paper, a wind turbine modelling was introduced with suggested controllers, in order to enhance the system response, with respect to both pitch control and maximum output power. Cuckoo search algorithm (CSA), a meta-heuristic optimization technique, was implemented to determine the gains of a proportional-integral (PI) controller and fractional order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controller to optimize the system, which considered three control loops: pitch, rotor-side converter, and grid-side converter control loop. Simulation results were determined using MATLAB/Simulink. The comparative analysis of the results showed that the PI Controller gave the simplest and the best response in case of the pitch and rotor-side control loops while the FOPID was the best when applied to the grid-side control loop. Based on the results and discussion, a suggestion of using a compination of each controller was introduced

Conditional gene deletion reveals functional redundancy of GABAB receptors in peripheral nociceptors in vivo

Background Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter which mainly mediates its effects on neurons via ionotropic (GABAA) and metabotropic (GABAB) receptors. GABAB receptors are widely expressed in the central and the peripheral nervous system. Although there is evidence for a key function of GABAB receptors in the modulation of pain, the relative contribution of peripherally- versus centrally-expressed GABAB receptors is unclear. Results In order to elucidate the functional relevance of GABAB receptors expressed in peripheral nociceptive neurons in pain modulation we generated and analyzed conditional mouse mutants lacking functional GABAB(1) subunit specifically in nociceptors, preserving expression in the spinal cord and brain (SNS-GABAB(1)-/- mice). Lack of the GABAB(1) subunit precludes the assembly of functional GABAB receptor. We analyzed SNS-GABAB(1)-/- mice and their control littermates in several models of acute and neuropathic pain. Electrophysiological studies on peripheral afferents revealed higher firing frequencies in SNS-GABAB(1)-/- mice compared to corresponding control littermates. However no differences were seen in basal nociceptive sensitivity between these groups. The development of neuropathic and chronic inflammatory pain was similar across the two genotypes. The duration of nocifensive responses evoked by intraplantar formalin injection was prolonged in the SNS-GABAB(1)-/- animals as compared to their control littermates. Pharmacological experiments revealed that systemic baclofen-induced inhibition of formalin-induced nociceptive behaviors was not dependent upon GABAB(1) expression in nociceptors. Conclusion This study addressed contribution of GABAB receptors expressed on primary afferent nociceptive fibers to the modulation of pain. We observed that neither the development of acute and chronic pain nor the analgesic effects of a systematically-delivered GABAB agonist was significantly changed upon a specific deletion of GABAB receptors from peripheral nociceptive neurons in vivo. This lets us conclude that GABAB receptors in the peripheral nervous system play a less important role than those in the central nervous system in the regulation of pain